Spiral Wound Gasket – Structure, Types, Applications & Benefits
Introduction
In industries where pipelines, boilers, heat exchangers, valves, and high-pressure flanges are used, reliable sealing is not optional—it is essential. Spiral wound gaskets are one of the most advanced and dependable sealing components, especially for extreme conditions involving high temperature, high pressure, and chemically aggressive environments.
At CRI Gasket, we offer precision-engineered spiral wound gaskets designed to perform even in the toughest industrial settings.
This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know about spiral wound gaskets including their structure, types, applications, materials, advantages, and how to select the right gasket.
What is a Spiral Wound Gasket?
A spiral wound gasket is a semi-metallic sealing product made by winding alternating layers of metal strips and filler material (such as graphite) in a spiral shape. This unique construction enhances its strength, sealing performance, and ability to handle extreme pressure and temperature.
Why Spiral Wound Gaskets Are Popular
High flexibility
Excellent recovery under fluctuating pressure
Withstand extreme temperature variations
Handle high-pressure flange sealing
Excellent sealing efficiency
Spiral wound gaskets are widely used in refineries, petrochemical plants, chemical processing units, power plants, and heavy industries.
Construction of a Spiral Wound Gasket
A spiral wound gasket consists of three main components:
1. Metal Winding (Metal Strip)
The metal strip forms the structural backbone of the gasket. Common metals include:
Stainless Steel (SS304, SS316)
Monel
Inconel
Nickel
Titanium
Metal provides strength and resilience against pressure and temperature.
2. Filler Material
Filler material is placed between metal windings to provide compressibility and sealing performance.
Common Filler Materials:
Graphite – For high-temperature sealing
PTFE – For chemical resistance
Mica – For extremely high temperatures
3. Inner & Outer Rings
These rings increase the gasket’s strength and prevent blowouts.
Inner Ring:
Enhances gasket stability
Prevents inward buckling
Used for high pressure and heat exchanger flanges
Outer Ring:
Helps in gasket centering
Provides compression control
Ensures accurate placement in the flange
Types of Spiral Wound Gaskets
Spiral wound gaskets are available in several configurations, depending on flange type and operating conditions.
1. Spiral Wound Gasket Without Inner Ring
Used for low-to-medium pressure flanges where inner ring support is not required.
2. Spiral Wound Gasket with Inner Ring
Ideal for high-temperature and high-pressure applications. Inner ring prevents buckling and enhances sealing performance.
3. Spiral Wound Gasket with Outer Ring
The most commonly used type, especially in pipeline flanges, where centering and uniform compression are essential.
4. Spiral Wound Gasket with Both Inner & Outer Rings
The strongest and safest configuration used in industries where sealing failure is not acceptable, such as:
Refineries
Chemical plants
Power plants
Industries That Use Spiral Wound Gaskets
Spiral wound gaskets are ideal for critical operations in:
1. Oil & Gas Industry
Used in pipelines, valves, and refining equipment handling high temperatures and high pressures.
2. Petrochemical & Chemical Plants
Excellent resistance to harsh chemicals and corrosive fluids.
3. Power Generation
Used in boilers, heat exchangers, turbines, high-pressure steam systems.
4. Pharmaceutical & Food Industry
PTFE-based spiral gaskets provide hygienic sealing.
5. Marine Engineering
Used in engines, pumps, and high-pressure systems on ships.
6. Heavy Machinery & Manufacturing
Provides reliable sealing in mechanical joints and rotating systems.
Applications of Spiral Wound Gaskets
These gaskets are used in:
Flange joints
Heat exchangers
Pressure vessels
Condensers
Boilers
Reactors
Steam lines
Chemical pipelines
High-pressure pumps
Their versatility and performance make them standard in any environment where sealing must not fail.
Advantages of Spiral Wound Gaskets
Spiral wound gaskets offer unique benefits that make them superior to traditional gasket types.
1. Handle Extreme Pressure Levels
Their semi-metallic structure resists very high pressure—ideal for industrial pipelines.
2. Excellent Temperature Resistance
Graphite-filled spiral gaskets work efficiently in extremely high temperatures.
3. Outstanding Chemical Compatibility
Filler materials can be selected based on the chemical environment.
4. High Compression & Recovery
Handles thermal cycling and pressure fluctuations without losing sealing power.
5. Longer Lifespan
Stronger and more durable than rubber or fiber gaskets.
6. Suitable for Corrosive & Hazardous Areas
Metal and filler combinations allow them to withstand corrosive atmospheres.
How to Choose the Right Spiral Wound Gasket
Use the following factors to select the correct gasket:
1. Operating Pressure
Higher pressure requires spiral gaskets with inner rings.
2. Temperature Range
Choose filler material based on heat requirements:
Graphite → High temp
PTFE → Chemical compatibility
Mica → Extreme heat.
3. Chemical Exporsure
Ensure metal and filler are compatible with medium
4. Flange Type
Raised face, flat face, or tongue & groove will determine ring selection
5. Gasket Size & Standards
Ensure compatibility with ANSI, DIN, IS, or custom flanges.
Why Choose CRI Gasket for Spiral Wound Gaskets?
CRI Gasket is a trusted manufacturer delivering high-performance and precisely engineered gaskets across industries.
What Sets Us Apart?
High-quality stainless steel & premium fillers
Accurate dimensions ensuring perfect flange fit
Options with/without inner & outer rings
Custom manufacturing based on client requirements
High durability & reliability
Fast delivery & competitive pricing
Conclusion
Spiral wound gaskets are essential sealing solutions for industries that operate in extreme environments involving heat, pressure, and corrosive media. Their unique semi-metallic structure and ability to provide consistent, leak-proof sealing make them the preferred choice for heavy-duty industrial applications.
Whether your requirement is for oil & gas, chemical processing, steam lines, heat exchangers, or heavy machinery, CRI Gasket offers high-performance spiral wound gaskets designed for maximum reliability.
